Many tenants expect their financial obligations will end once they return the keys and move out. Instead, invoices might show up weeks later for repairs, cleaning, unpaid rent and other charges. If tenants believe those charges are incorrect, they may wonder whether the landlord can still send the unpaid balance to debt collections.
In some cases, the answer is yes. A landlord might try to collect the money when they believe the tenant owes it, even if the tenant disputes the bill. Whether the charges are justified depends on the facts surrounding the claim.
Why do rental charges become disputed?
Security deposits are a common source of disagreement after a tenant moves out. Maryland law generally requires landlords to provide an itemized list of deductions and return any remaining security deposit within the applicable statutory timeframe.
Disputes start when tenants receive invoices and believe that the landlord charged them for ordinary wear and tear, old issues or repairs for damages they did not cause. When the landlord believes that the security deposit does not cover the amount owed by the tenant, they might seek payment for the remaining balance.
What happens after a debt goes to collections?
Landlords can attempt to recover money they believe is legitimately owed. When a collection agency gets involved, both federal law and the Maryland Consumer Debt Collection Act limit what collectors can do.
For example, a collection agency might use false and misleading information when they attempt to collect a debt. Keeping records of the dispute may help if a tenant believes that the amount being collected from them is incorrect.
What records should tenants keep?
A disputed rental charge is easier to evaluate when the facts are well documented. Helpful records may include:
- Lease agreements
- Security deposit statements
- Move-in and move-out photos or videos
- Repair invoices or maintenance records
- Emails, letters or collection notices
These records can give valuable context if questions arise about the balance the landlord is trying to collect.
What can tenants do before responding to a collection notice?
A collection notice does not automatically mean every charge is accurate. The landlord and collection agency might believe that the tenant still owes the money. At the same time, the tenant might have a reason to question the amount. Taking a closer look at the charges and comparing them with the lease, deposit records and other documents can help tenants decide how to respond.
If the question remains unanswered if the charges are valid or have already been sent to collections, speaking with a landlord-tenant attorney can help tenants better understand their rights and available options. Addressing questions about disputed charges early may help tenants avoid unnecessary complications.